A Falcon 9 upper stage from SpaceX crashed into the Moon on August 5, carving a new crater and reviving an awkward question: what does international law say when nobody owns the damaged territory? The incident exposes the gaps in the Outer Space Treaty and the 1972 Liability Convention, just as the US, China and Russia race to set their own rules on the Moon.

Jamming, spoofing, and cyberattacks are turning orbit into contested territory. This analysis examines why the principle of peaceful use of space is being eroded in practice.