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In 1991, the Somali National Movement declared autonomy over Somaliland, which is located in the northern area in the Horn of Africa. The strategic location of this territory is especially significant to maintain sovereignty for the recognised government of Somalia. After many years of democratic unrecognised governance, Somaliland is receiving attention from significant powers throughout the region. Earlier this week, major headlines from news sites announced  that Israel ha

Introduction: Christmas is not often linked to international relations or politics. It is generally seen as a time of celebration, peace, and goodwill, characteristics not usually associated with geopolitics, a subject filled with conflict, both morally and physically. Despite this, geopolitics does not pause during the festive season, and for centuries, the holidays have become entangled with geostrategy. While also being a significant religious and cultural tradition for ma

In early December 2025, one of Southeast Asia’s most persistent territorial disputes surged into intense armed conflict, as Thailand and Cambodia exchanged artillery fire, airstrikes and rocket attacks along their shared border. This renewed violence has killed dozens of soldiers and civilians, as well as displacing thousands of people, and drawn urgent calls from regional and global powers for a ceasefire. Despite ongoing talks meant to halt the hostilities, and a peace deal

Several countries of Latin America have been at the other end of regime change instigated by the United States. The last time  regime change like this happened was when the United States arrested Manuel Noriega, the former dictator of Panama. Yesterday’s large-scale strike on Caracas as well as the capture of President Nicolas Maduro and his wife has sent shockwaves throughout the world. The reasoning and the seizure of power in the region have become clearer over the last 24

Introduction: In October 2024, the contested legislative elections led the pro-Russian party Georgian Dream in power, which appointed later in November a new president, Mikheïl Kevalachvili. The former president, Salomé Zourabichvili, refused to leave her seat, stating that there is a clear irregularity in the vote count , and, along with other members of the opposition, claiming Georgian dream to be a pro-Russian party. At the end of 2024, the prime minister Irakli Kobakhidz

On December 6 th in Washington D.C during the official draw for the 2026 World Cup, FIFA awarded U.S. President Donald J. Trump with the inaugural “FIFA Peace Prize – Football Unites the World”. An award that was given to Trump without any transparency in regards to a list of nominees, the judges or the criteria. The decision landed less like a sporting honour and more like a diplomatic signal. In a world where football has become one of the most effective instruments of soft

The proposed trade agreement between the European Union and the Mercosur bloc has become one of the most protracted negotiations in contemporary international trade. Negotiations initially began in 1999, which did not conclude in principle until twenty years later, in 2019. Since then, however, the deal has not yet been ratified and implemented due to ongoing disputes over its contents. Despite attempts to revive it, opposition within Europe and unresolved concerns about envi

Since the Arab Spring in 2011, Yemen has been embroiled in disorder and tragedy. The rise of the Houthi group, who challenged the central government and seized power in Sanaa in 2014, continues to wreak havoc.  The amount of destruction that multiple civil wars in the last several decades has generated unfathomable destruction and health crises but the entire story is much more complex as it ripples across several countries in the Middle East. Powerful state and non-state act

From the Caspian Sea to the borders of China, Kazakhstan—the world’s largest landlocked country and ninth in the world by territory—sits at the physical center of Eurasia, where Islamic, Christian, and Confucian civilizations have historically intersected and where today’s great powers quietly overlap. Rich in oil, gas, uranium, and critical minerals, and crossed by some of the most important land corridors connecting Europe and Asia, the country has long been embedded in glo

Photo Credit: Santiago Billy/AP Lev Tahor, a group that presents itself as persecuted for its ultra-orthodox Jewish beliefs and traditions, claims to move from country to country in search of refuge. But look closer, and the reality is quite different. Accused of child exploitation, kidnapping, forced marriages, and coercive sexual practices, the group was recently found attempting to settle in the Colombian countryside. How does a self-described religious community travel al

Introduction: For almost four years, the Russian offensive on Ukraine has dragged on, with a somewhat predictable rhythm. Russia pushes forward, while Ukraine counter-attacks when possible. Most western debates regarding the war have been about who, where and when should resources be sent to support Ukraine. However, talks for a long-lasting peace between Ukraine and Russia have ramped up significantly since mid-November. On the 19 th  of November, a US drafted 28-point peace

(Nikkei montage/Source photos by Reuters Introduction: The invasion of Ukraine in 2022 marked the return of war on the old continent and demonstrated the need for NATO countries to finally reach the goal of 2% of their GDP in military expenditures. Between 2020 and 2024, Europe accounted for 28.1% of the global arms imports, compared to only 11% between 2015 and 2019 . As the war keeps raging in Ukraine, European countries maintain their efforts to rearm themselves, in a clea

Artificial Intelligence is seeping into everyone’s lives. At this point, you might think it is on the periphery of your life, unless you work somewhere in IT, but there is almost no space where it can be avoided. I am sure you are inundated with content about AI, where it is highlighted in the news or watching a video on social media that was created using AI. In many ways it has become somewhat of a boogeyman for several economic and political issues, but there is nothing wr

BYD operates its own fleet to support the large-scale export of its EVs. Photo retrieved from the official website of Shenzhen government. Chinese EVs are taking over Europe’s streets. BYD overtakes Tesla  in the European market selling three times as many vehicles as in August 2024 and surpassing Tesla for the second consecutive month, with a market share of 1.3% compared to Tesla’s 1.2%, whose sales fell 36.6%. SAIC Motor, another Chinese brand, saw sales rise 59.4%, reachi

Oftentimes when we think of latin america and geopolitics we expect to hear about the US and Chinese rivalry over economic influence, security and deepening diplomatic ties but it is less often talked about Iran's presence in Latin America. It has long been considered just the result of ideological affinity by governments that are worlds apart but with the Palestine-Israel conflict  and especially and when Israel and Iran exchanged missile strikes and Latin American governmen

In Edward Fishman’s book Chokepoint: American Power in the Age of Economic Warfare , he describes the U.S. dollar to be considered as the “world’s default account and medium of exchange” for states around the world. Being the most powerful currency is a huge responsibility, which should not be taken lightly when it comes to weilding its power. Since the Bretton Woods system was established in 1944, the U.S. pegged the dollar to a gold standard. and became an economic powerhou

On November 7, Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi responded to a question from an opposition lawmaker, stating that 'a contingency in Taiwan is a contingency for Japan.' Most importantly, she warned that a Chinese attack on Taiwan would pose an 'existential threat' to Japan. As a result, Japan’s Self-Defense Forces would need to conduct 'collective defense' operations alongside its allies. The speech enraged China and set off a chain of reactions. The strong rebuttal and

Introduction: Alarmed by recent information, the French government warned about a potential sale of Nigerien uranium to Russia. Both Moscow — and its company Rosatom — and the Nigerien junta denied such a transaction, nevertheless, it is not the first time that Russia is interested in the nuclear sector in Niger. In July 2025 already, the   Russian minister of energy, accompanied by a delegation of representatives of the defence minister and giants of the uranium industry  (R

Introduction: European Union enlargement has re-emerged as one of Europe’s most geopolitically significant debates. When Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the EU, and to a wider extent, the continent as a whole, was forced to alter its geopolitical strategies.  The EU now has to re-evaluate its borders. Just as many former Warsaw Pact states began pursuing EU membership after the Cold War, many Eastern European states are now seeking closer ti

Introduction: In the past weeks, the war in Sudan intensified as the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) captured the city of El-Fasher in the Darfur region, leading to violences against the civilian population. Reports mentioned mass killings, executions and looting in the city. The conflict started in 2018, when a popular revolution led in 2019 to the fall of Omar El-Bechir who had been ruling over the country since 1989. A transition was then mapped between a military council and a